Abstract: Objective:To investigate the application of preoperative autologous blood donation（PABD）in gynecological elective surgery and evaluate its effect.Method:Eighty-three patients undergoing gynecological surgery were divided into two groups,including 43 patients with PABD and 40 patients without PABD.The age,body mass index（BMI）,hemoglobin（Hb）at each time point and allogeneic erythrocyte infusion were compared between the two groups.Allogeneic blood transfusion and autologous blood discarded after surgery were compared between the two groups at different hemoglobin.Result:There were no significant differences in terms of age,BMI,preoperative or preoperative Hb and allogeneic erythrocyte infusion volume between the two groups（t=2.657,P<0.05）.The Hb of PABD group was higher than that of noPABD group on the third day of postoperative（χ²=118.48,P<0.05）.The allogeneic blood transfusion during operation of no PABD group was higher than that of PABD group when the Hb was low（Hb≤133.20g/L）（χ²=4.974,P<0.05）,while there were no obvious differences between the two groups when the Hb was high（Hb＞133.20g/L）（χ²=0.000,P>0.05）.The overall comparison between the two groups was consistent with the condition in low Hb（χ²=6.413,P<0.05）.There was no difference of autologous blood discarded after surgery in PABD group amongpatients with different Hb before blood donation（χ²=0.144,P>0.05）.Conclusion:PABD can shorten the postoperative recovery of Hbfor patients with elective gynecological surgery so as to significantly reduce intraoperative blood transfusion rate,especially for patients with lower Hb.Therefore PABD might be worth popularizing in gynecology in elective surgical procedures since it will facilitate the rehabilitation efficacy for patients with low Hb.