Abstract: Objective:To study the efficacy of carboprost tromethamine on postpartum hemorrhage and blood transfusion in high risk parturient with cesarean section.Method:A total of 106 cases of high risk parturient with cesarean section in our hospital were included in the study. All parturient were divided randomly into carboprost tromethamine group (n=53) and control group (n=53). The parturients received injection of oxytocin 20 U into their uterine corpus immediately after cesarean section, sublingual misoprostol 0.2 mg, intravenous 10% calcium gluconate injection 10 mL in control group, and received injection of oxytocin 20 U, carboprost tromethamine 250μg into their uterine corpus. Postpartum 2 h and 24 h blood loss, rate of postpartum hemorrhage, stop bleeding time, blood transfusion rate, hysterectomy, efficiency and adverse reactions were observed and compared in two groups. Result:①Postpartum 2 h and 24 h blood loss and rate of postpartum hemorrhage in carboprost tromethamine group were lower significantly than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=9.736, t=6.730, χ²=6.023, P<0.05). ② Postpartum stop bleeding time and blood transfusion rate in carboprost tromethamine group were lower than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=12.304, t=12.304, P<0.05). The uterus resection rates were no statistical differences (χ²=1.369, P> 1.369). ③ Total effective rate in carboprost tromethamine group (94.34%) was higher significantly than that in control group (73.59%), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=8.461,P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions were no statistically significant difference (χ²=0.103, P>0.103). Conclusion:Corpus uteri injection of carboprost tromethamine could obviously reduce postpartum bleeding, significantly lower postpartum hemorrhage rate and rate of blood transfusion.