Investigation on prevalence and influencing factors of anemia among women at reproductive age in Tangshan city
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摘要: 目的:调查育龄妇女贫血患病情况,分析与贫血相关的影响因素,提出干预措施。方法:对参加2014年度开滦职工健康体检的20~49岁育龄期妇女,进行统一问卷调查、血液常规和生化检查;女性血红蛋白(Hb)水平低于120 g/L定义为贫血,轻度贫血110 ≤ Hb<120 g/L,中度贫血80 ≤ Hb<110 g/L,重度贫血Hb<80 g/L,计算总人群、不同年龄人群贫血患病率;采用多因素Logistic回归分析贫血的影响因素。结果:①最终纳入研究的20~49岁育龄妇女7 307例,年龄(38.2±7.3)岁,检出贫血1 006例,贫血患病率为13.8%。不同年龄段贫血患病率差异有统计学意义,20~29岁组为10.8%,30~39岁组为12.8%,40~49岁组为15.8%。不同类型贫血构成比:轻度贫血57.0%,中度贫血38.0%,重度贫血5.0%;各年龄段均以轻度贫血最常见。②多因素Logistic回归分析结果总人群与贫血相关的因素为年龄40~49岁、FBG ≥ 6.5 mmol/L、TC、HDL、hs-CRP、收入 ≥ 5 001,OR值分别是0.564(95%CI:0.388~0.821)、2.959(95%CI:1.054~8.308)、1.430(95%CI:1.241~1.648)、0.374(95%CI:0.255~0.547)、0.952(95%CI:0.918~0.988)、0.452(95%CI:0.220~0.928);20~29岁组与贫血相关的因素为HDL、收入1 001~3 000元、收入 ≥ 5 000元,OR值分别是0.193(95%CI:0.078~0.482)、0.467(95%CI:0.231~0.945)、0.112(95%CI:0.026~0.420);30~39岁组与贫血相关的因素为BMI ≥ 28.0、hs-CRP,OR值为3.201(95%CI:1.141~8.980)、0.898(95%CI:0.834~0.967);40~49岁组与贫血相关的因素为TC、HDL,OR值分别是1.582(95%CI:1.286~1.947)、0.387(95%CI:0.225~0.664)。结论:唐山地区育龄妇女贫血患病情况已构成轻度公共健康问题,多种因素与贫血相关,需重点关注血糖异常、TC升高、肥胖对贫血的影响,预防和改善贫血状况。Abstract: Objective:To investigate the prevalence of anemia among women at reproductive age and analyze the influencing factors in anemia,then put forward intervention measures.Method:Women aged 20 to 49 working in Kailuan Company who had participated in the 2014 biennial physical examination were investigated by questionnaire and routine blood test and biochemical examination.Hemoglobin levels less than 120 g/L were defined as anemia.Mild anaemia:110 ≤ Hb<120 g/L,Moderate anaemia:80 ≤ Hb<110 g/L,Severe anaemia:Hb<80 g/L.The prevalence of anemia in terms of percentage(%)was calculated.Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with anemia.Result:①1 006 cases of anemia were detected in 7 307 women aged 20 to 49 included in the study.The prevalence of anemia was 13.8%.The prevalence of anemia in different age were 10.8%,12.8% and 15.8%,respectively.The differences were statistically significant.The corresponding composition ratio were 57.0% in mild anemia,38.0% in moderate anemia and 5.0% in severe anemia,while mild anemia was the most common form of anemia in all ages.②The results of multivariable logistic regression showed that age 40-49,FBG ≥ 6.5 mmol/L,TC,HDL,hs-CRP and income ≥ 5001 were associated with anemia,with ORs of 0.564(95%CI:0.388-0.821),2.959(95%CI:1.054-8.308),1.430(95%CI:1.241-1.648),0.374(95%CI:0.255-0.547),0.952(95%CI:0.918-0.988)and 0.452(95%CI:0.220-0.928).HDL,income 1 001-3 000 and income ≥ 5001 were associated with anemia in the group of age 20-29,with ORs of 0.193(95%CI:0.078-0.482),0.467(95%CI:0.231-0.945)and 0.112(95%CI:0.026-0.420).BMI ≥ 28.0 and hs-CRP were associated with anemia in the group of age 30-39,with ORs of 3.201(95%CI:1.141-8.980)and 0.898(95%CI:0.834-0.967).TC and HDL were associated with anemia in the group of age 40-49,with ORs of 1.582(95%CI:1.286-1.947)and 0.387(95%CI:0.225-0.664).Conclusion:The status of anemia among women at reproductive age in Tangshan city had been a mild public health problem.Several demographic and clinical characteristics were found associated with anemia.Attention should be paid to the effects of abnormal blood glucose,TC elevation and obesity on anemia to prevent and improve anemia.
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Key words:
- women at reproductive age /
- anemia /
- prevalence /
- Cross-sectional study
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