Abstract: Objective:To detect and analyze RhE antigen and the development of anti-E antibody among patients who RhE antigen was negative and received RhE antigen-positive blood, so as to provide fact based guidance for clinical blood transfusion.Method:For the blood samples of 2 395 patients received blood transfusion in our hospital from January 1, 2016 to September 30,2016, ABO blood typing, RhD, RhC, and RhE antigen measurement were performed, irregular antibody screening and detection were performed at the same time. RhE antigen was tested on samples of blood that were transfused to RhE antigen negative patients. Blood samples from RhE negative patients whom tested irregular antibody screening positive were further subjected to antibody measurement tests. Result:Among the 2 395 patients who received blood transfusion, 45.1% (1 081/2 395) were RhE antigen negative, 1.3% (31/2 395) were irregular antibody screening positive. Among these 31 patients, 58.1% (18/31) were tested anti-E antibody positive. 1.4% (5/352) RhE negative patients developed anti-E antibody after received RhE positive blood transfusion.Conclusion:It is necessary to perform RhE antigen matching in addition to ABO and RhD blood type matching in cases of patient blood transfusion.