Abstract: Objective: To understand the external quality evaluation of clinical blood transfusion compatibility test in Jinan, standardize the quality management of clinical blood transfusion test, and improve the detection level of the whole blood transfusion compatibility test in our city.Methods: The quality of compatibility of blood transfusion was evaluated twice a year in Jinan clinical blood transfusion testing laboratory from 2016 to 2019. The items of external quality assessment for blood transfusion compatibility testing included ABO(positive and negative stereotyping) blood types of erythrocytes, RhD blood type, irregular antibody screening and cross matching. Double blind detection was realized in the design of quality control product, and the experimental results were directly reported on the network.Results: The number of participants increased from 42 in 2016, 49 in 2017-2018 and 58 in 2019. From 2016 to 2017, one unit did not carry out irregular antibody screening project, and all participating units of blood transfusion compatibility test project had carried out from 2018 to 2019. There were 132 deduction items in the external quality assessment, including 37 cross matching errors, 27 missing samples, 24 irregular antibody screening(anti screening) errors, 20 projects not carried out, 9 written errors, 6 inaccurate understanding and expression errors, 8 blood type errors and 1 error in method selection. Statistical analysis of irregular antibody screening and cross matching showed that the qualified rate of microcolumn agglutination method was higher than that of polyamine method, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion: The number of participating units in the activity of external quality assessment was increasing year by year; the items of blood transfusion compatibility testing of each participating quality assessment unit were improved and standardized year by year. The experimental methods of testing were gradually standardized. The qualified rate of the items of external quality assessment was increasing year by year. After the activities of external quality assessment in recent years, the technical status, overall detection ability and staff ability level of each laboratory had been improved.