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摘要: 目的 探讨产妇孕前献血对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法 选取2020年3月至2020年9月在宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院和宁波市妇女儿童医院单胎且足月分娩(孕周≥37周)的产妇4554例作为研究对象, 其中献血710例, 为献血组, 通过产妇自身的支付宝平台获取其孕前累计在浙江省内的献血信息, 并收集产妇基本临床资料及其新生儿相关数据。未献血3844例, 为非献血组。结果 单因素分析发现, 献血组与非献血组比较, 新生儿出生体重差异无统计学意义(3350 g vs 3350 g,P>0.05), 但巨大儿比例在献血组中更高(7.6% vs 5.6%,P< 0.05)。经多元线性回归分析发现, 献血与新生儿体重不存在相关性(P>0.05), 而年龄、孕周、产次、分娩方式、新生儿性别与新生儿出生体重呈相关性(P< 0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示, 孕周、新生儿性别、分娩方式、献血是影响巨大儿产生的主要因素, 其中顺产是保护因素(OR< 1), 而孕周(≥39周)、男性新生儿、献血是危险因素(OR>1)。结论 产妇孕前献血不会导致新生儿出生体重降低, 巨大儿分娩的概率可能更大。Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of maternal blood donation before pregnancy on newborn birth weight.Methods A total of 4554 pregnant women who were singleton and full term(gestational≥37 weeks) in our hospital and Ningbo women and children's hospital from March 2020 to September 2020 were selected as the study subjects. Among them, 710 people donated blood, which was the blood donation group. The accumulated blood donation information of pregnant women in Zhejiang province was obtained through Alipay platform, and the basic clinical data and related data of the newborn were collected. There were 3844 non-blood donors in the non-blood donation group.Results Univariate analysis showed that there was no difference in newborn birth weight between the two groups(3350 g vs 3350 g,P>0.05), but the proportion of macrosomia was higher in the blood donor group(7.6% vs 5.6%,P< 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between blood donation and newborn birth weight(P>0.05), while age, gestational weeks, times of delivery, mode of delivery, newborn gender were correlated with newborn birth weight(P< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that gestational weeks, newborn gender, mode of delivery and blood donation were the main factors affecting factors of macrosomia, of which natural birth was the protective factor(OR< 1), while gestational weeks(≥39 weeks), male newborn and blood donation were the risk factors(OR>1).Conclusion Maternal blood donation before pregnancy may not lead to lower birth weight, but rather to a greater chance of macrosomia.
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Key words:
- donation /
- newborn birth weight /
- macrosomia /
- puerpera
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表 1 2组孕妇及新生儿临床资料比较
例(%) 变量 献血组
(710例)非献血组
(3844例)Z/χ2 P 年龄/岁 12.8 ＜0.001 < 29 289(40.7) 1845(48.0) ≥29 421(59.3) 1999(52.0) 文化程度 132.757 ＜0.001 本科以下 260(36.6) 2305(60.0) 本科及以上 450(63.4) 1539(40.0) 孕周 0.047 0.829 <39 274(38.6) 1467(38.2) ≥39 436(61.4) 2377(61.8) 孕次 3.664 0.160 首次 295(41.5) 1453(37.8) 第二次 195(27.5) 1103(28.7) 多次 220(31.0) 1288(33.5) 产次 2.013 0.156 初产妇 421(59.3) 2169(56.4) 经产妇 289(40.7) 1675(43.6) 新生儿性别 3.720 0.156 男 371(52.3) 2015(52.4) 女 339(47.7) 1829(47.6) 分娩方式 1.320 0.251 顺产 451(63.5) 2354(61.2) 剖宫产 259(36.5) 1490(38.8) 新生儿出生体重/g 3350
(3100~
3650)3350
(3100~
3600)-0.991 0.321 巨大儿 4.116 0.042 是 54(7.6) 217(5.6) 否 656(92.4) 3627(94.4) 低出生体重 1.591 0.207 是 3(0.4) 34(0.9) 否 707(99.6) 3810(99.1) 
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表 2 与新生儿出生体重相关变量的多元线性回归分析
例(%) 变量 非标准化系数 标准系数 t P 回归系数的95%CI 回归系数 标准误差 下限 上限 年龄 33.057 11.913 0.044 2.775 0.006 9.701 56.412 文化程度 10.818 11.299 0.014 0.957 0.338 -11.334 32.970 孕周 247.287 10.469 0.317 21.630 < 0.001 224.874 269.701 产次 47.482 12.388 0.062 3.833 < 0.001 23.196 71.768 分娩方式 -94.441 11.413 -0.121 -8.275 < 0.001 -116.815 -72.067 新生儿性别 111.620 10.606 0.147 10.525 < 0.001 90.828 132.412 献血 23.526 14.828 0.023 1.587 0.113 -5.544 52.598
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表 3 多因素logistic回归分析巨大儿发生的影响因素
变量 B SE Wald P OR 95%CI 年龄/岁 < 29 1.000 ≥29 0.221 0.147 2.285 0.131 1.248 0.936，1.663 文化程度 本科及以上 1.000 本科以下 0.149 0.139 1.150 0.284 1.161 0.884，1.526 孕周 <39 1.000 ≥39 1.424 0.175 63.902 < 0.001 4.156 2.946，5.862 产次 初产妇 1.000 经产妇 0.067 0.151 0.199 0.656 1.070 0.795，1.439 新生儿性别 女 1.000 男 0.729 0.138 27.894 < 0.001 2.074 1.582，2.718 分娩方式 剖宫产 1.000 顺产 -0.776 0.134 33.705 < 0.001 0.460 0.354，0.598 是否献血 否 1.000 是 0.353 0.167 4.452 0.035 1.423 1.025，1.976
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| 引用本文: |
俞麒麟, 陈巍, 卢根杰, 等. 产妇孕前献血对新生儿出生体重的影响分析[J]. 临床血液学杂志, 2022, 35(4): 279-282. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1004-2806.2022.04.011
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| Citation: |
YU Qilin, CHEN Wei, LU Genjie, et al. Analysis of influence of blood donation before pregnancy on newborn birth weight[J]. J Clin Hematol, 2022, 35(4): 279-282. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1004-2806.2022.04.011
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