Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the roles of transferrin(TRF)and retinol binding protein(RBP)in patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Method:All serum samples analyzed for this study were collected from 231 patients with CRF(CREA＞200 μmol/L).According to the CFR staging criteria of China and levers of CREA,the patients were divided into the following groups:renal insufficiency group(n=106),renal failure group(n=53)and uremic group(n=72).Healthy subjects from physical examination were also enrolled as control group(n=30).RDW-CV and biochemical indexes including serum TRF and RBP levels were measured in all subjects.Result:NGAL and BUN was significantly higher in renal insufficiency group,renal failure group and uremic group groups than those in control group.Nevertheless,TRF was significantly lower.RBP and Cys-C was significantly higher in renal insufficiency group and control group.The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Association analysis showed that RBP,CREA and Cys-C were positively correlated with CFR(P＜0.01),and RBP and TRF were negatively correlated with PA,ALB and RDW-CV(P＜0.01).Conclusion:RBP and TRF can be used as evaluation indexes for nutritional status of the patients with kidney disease and as effective indicators for disease progression.