Abstract: Objective:To investigate the hotpots issues of neonatal blood transfusion in China,and provide the basis for further study of neonatal blood transfusion.Method:Using the on-site questionnaire and brainstorming method,101 people who participated in the launch meeting of the Chinese neonatal blood transfusion multi-center cohort study project designed a Neonatologist questionnaire and a blood transfusion doctor questionnaire according to different types of physician practice,and conducted on-site questionnaire.Result:① The basic situation of the respondents was that doctors and masters accounted for 11.9% and 55.4% respectively;senior positions and vice-high-level titles accounted for 18.0% and 50.8% respectively.② Neonatologists with different physician titles had statistically significant choices for neonatal red blood cell infusion thresholds below 1 000 g(P＜0.05),and had not statistically significant choices for neonatal red blood cell infusion thresholds between 1 000-1 499 g and 1 500-2 499g(P＞0.05).③ Neonatologists ranked the indicators of improvement in symptoms and signs after neonatal transfusion which were skin color-respiratory-heart rate-gastrointestinal-metabolism-consciousness-jaundice-temperature.④Only 20% of doctors paid attention to iatrogenic blood loss,and there were no noticeable differences in the degree of attention of doctors with different titles(P＞0.05).⑤86.9% of blood transfusion doctors used positive and negative typing to identify neonatal ABO blood type,13.1% only used positive type to identify blood type;68.9% of transfusion doctors believed that neonatal cross-matching blood samples should use blood samples within 3 days;85.2% of hospital chose to apheresis platelets products.Conclusion:The treatment decisions of neonatal blood transfusion by doctors were often still based on clinical experience,and the recommendations were inconsistent.And there was little concern about iatrogenic hemorrhage.There were differences in choosing laboratory method and selection of blood products for doctors of blood transfusion department.This study can provide important data to support for the development of consensus on neonatal transfusion experts in China.