Analysis and clinical significance of irregular antibody screening in blood transfusion patients
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摘要: 目的：分析临床输血患者不规则抗体的分布特点及意义。方法：回顾性分析2012-01-2017-12申请输血的患者标本91 000例，采用微柱凝胶法筛查不规则抗体，并对阳性标本进行抗体特异性鉴定，统计分析不规则抗体的分布特点。结果：检出同种不规则抗体211例，阳性率为0.23%，其中男性患者不规则抗体阳性率明显低于女性患者（P<0.01），检出的不规则抗体中比重最大的是Rh血型系统，占59.24%，其次是MNS系统，占13.74%，其余类型分别为自身抗体（12.80%），混合抗体（3.32%）以及Kidd系统（1.42%）。结论：输血前不规则抗体筛查对于保障临床输血安全具有重要意义，提供Rh 5种抗原完全相符的血液，可以在一定程度上减少不规则抗体的产生。Abstract: Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of irregular antibodies in blood transfusion patients.Method: A retrospective analysis was performed on 91 000 patients applied for blood transfusion in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2017.Irregular antibodies were screened by micro column gel method, the antibody specificity of the positive samples was identified, and the distribution characteristics of irregular antibodies were statistically analyzed.Result: 211 cases had irregular antibodies of blood group, and the positive rate was 0.23%.The positive rate of irregular antibodies in male patients was significantly lower than that in female patients(P<0.01).Rh system had the largest proportion of irregular antibodies, which accounted for 59.24%.The second was MNS system, accounted for 13.74%.Other types were autoantibodies(12.80%), mixed antibodies(3.32%) and Kidd system(1.42%), respectively.Conclusion: The screening of irregular antibodies before transfusion may be significant to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.To a certain extent, the generation of irregular antibodies can be reduced by providing blood that is identical in 5 antigens of Rh system with the patients.
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